There are a few scams used by unethical lenders that one should watch out for.  These abusive lenders may target the elderly, minorities, low-income or bad credit individuals who own a home.  This home is the only asset these people have and the lender is basically out to get it. 
The first scam is called equity stripping and it applies to these people.  They find people who need money but have a low monthly income.  Knowing that they cannot make the monthly payments, they tell them to “pad” their income on the loan application.  They then put them in a loan that the people will not be able to pay back.  Suddenly, these people are behind on payments and will eventually lose their house.  These people are just trying to make a living and then abusive lenders come by and basically steal from people who are already barely making a living. 
The second scam is loan flipping.  This can happen to anybody.  You are contacted by a lender who tells you to either consolidate your debt or make your home’s equity “work” for you.  You may have had your mortgage for years.  The will tell you about a loan with a low interest rate and then refinance your home’s mortgage or an equity loan.  You are able to make your monthly payments and you get some extra money.  Then they call you back and offer you a loan that they can refinance with your current loan.  What they don’t tell you is that there is fees and penalties for refinancing the first loan again.  Eventually, you end up with a string of debt that has grown over the years and you can’t get out. 
Both of these scams are commonly used.  You should first be aware that the lender’s who call you on your home phone during the day do not really know anything about you.  They tell you to come and consolidate your debt or get a home equity loan.  What they are really doing is trying to bait you into a loan that will only hurt your credit.  Financial responsibility and common sense must be used in these situations.  If you are already in financial problems another loan is only going to sink you more.  Be smart and tell the phone lenders to take you off their call list and only take loans out on large purchases that you know you can pay back. That is the best way to avoid such situations.